According to the principles for searches of vessels, when can suspected evidence be searched in unrestricted areas?

The correct answer is that suspected evidence can be searched in unrestricted areas during a properly conducted vessel inspection. This principle stems from the lawful authority of boarding officers to conduct searches during their duties. During vessel inspections, officers are allowed to examine areas that are not restricted, which includes any space that is deemed obvious or not off-limits for inspection purposes.

This practice is grounded in the idea that the safety and security of the vessel and its occupants are paramount, and that certain inspections are critical in ensuring compliance with laws and regulations. A properly conducted vessel inspection typically does not require consent from the captain or a warrant, particularly in international waters or under specific regulations that govern maritime operations.

The other options would typically limit the circumstances under which searches can occur: relying solely on consent from the captain would restrict inspections to only the captain's approval, while needing a warrant would often delay important inspections for potential time-sensitive matters. Moreover, waiting for all crew members to be present could also hinder the efficiency and timeliness of necessary inspections. Thus, the flexibility provided during properly conducted vessel inspections is crucial for effective maritime law enforcement and safety protocols.