What actions does the Ports and Waterways Safety Act authorize the Coast Guard to take against terrorism?

The Ports and Waterways Safety Act allows the Coast Guard to take specific actions aimed at enhancing safety and security in ports and waterways, particularly in response to potential terrorist threats. One key authority granted under this act is the ability to conduct inspections and establish security zones. This includes setting up designated areas where access is restricted or controlled in order to prevent threats to maritime safety, which is a critical factor in counter-terrorism efforts.

By establishing security zones, the Coast Guard can effectively manage and secure sensitive areas, reducing vulnerability to attacks or incidents that could disrupt maritime operations or threaten public safety. Inspections also play a critical role in monitoring compliance with security regulations, ensuring that vessels and facilities adhere to established safety standards, and screening for potential threats.

The other choices may involve important functions of the Coast Guard, but they do not specifically align with the focused authority granted by the Ports and Waterways Safety Act in relation to countering terrorism in the maritime context. Thus, the emphasis on inspections and security zones is a direct response to potential risks in ports and waterways, making it the most appropriate selection for this question.