What is the principle of force majeure in relation to vessels in distress?

The principle of force majeure in relation to vessels in distress allows for certain exemptions from the standard legal obligations that vessels typically face under coastal state laws. When a vessel is in distress, such as being in peril due to an emergency or hazardous conditions, it may require assistance or refuge within the coastal waters of a state. In these situations, the principle of force majeure recognizes that the immediate needs of the vessel take precedence over strict adherence to local regulations.

This principle acknowledges the necessity for vessels to seek shelter or assistance without being penalized for entering coastal waters or for temporarily not complying with certain laws, especially when safety is at stake. The provision emphasizes the importance of human life and maritime safety over strict jurisdictional concerns. Therefore, this principle means that vessels in distress are generally not considered to be violating coastal laws, as they are acting out of necessity to preserve life and ensure safety at sea.